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Duxobors in Georgia
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13 авг 2024This video Dukhobors in Georgia was produced in 1991 and covers the 150 year anniversary of the settlement of Dukhobor’s in Georgia.
The Doukhobours or Dukhobors are a Spiritual Christian religious group of Russian origin. They are one of many non-Orthodox ethno-confessional faiths in Russia, often categorized as "folk-Protestants", Spiritual Christians, sectarians, or heretics. They are distinguished as pacifists who lived in their own villages, rejected personal materialism, worked together, and developed a tradition of oral history and memorizing and singing hymns and verses. Before 1886, they had a series of single leaders. The first written records of them are from 1701, although some scholars suspect earlier origins.
Exiled by the Russian Tsar and relocated to Georgia, 5,000 Doukhobor were resettled to Georgia in the Akhalkalaki district Dzavaheti between 1841 and 1845.
1895, more than 2,000 Doukhobors burned their weapon as a sign of protest against mandatory service in the army. They were punished and many were resettled from Georgia to Siberia.
Doukhobors founded ten villages in Javakheti Region, biggest of them was Gorelovka. They consider Javakheti as a holy land, they call it “the Doukhobors’ Land” and they think that village Gorelovka is the center of all Dukhobors scattered around the world. Despite the difficult climate, they acted with great enthusiasm, formed a commune founded orphanage, school, and had the common economy. Soon they became one of the richest communities in the Caucasus. During the Soviet regime Gorelovka collective farm was the second wealthiest in whole Soviet Union. The Doukhobors were distinguished from others as very hardworking and disciplined people. The Russian writer Lev Tolstoy was their grate supporter and even founded a school which still exists and is the only functioning school in Gorelovka even today.
Dukhobors struggled after the collapse of the Soviet system and contentious issues around land ownership and rights.
By 2006, the Dukhobor population in Georgia had fallen beneath 1,000 (probably as low as 700-800), following emigration, mostly to Russia, and a declining birth rate in the elderly population. From 2007, more family groups were applying to relocate to Russia.
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